Cheetah Corp

Foundation of the Company in the first place, it set moving from a privately-run company, and afterward frames an organization between Madam Hor Ah Kuan and her child, exchanging sport attire path in 1977. In 1979, Cheetah items appeared and it start underscore on structuring and brand working for its Cheetah sports clothing, and all the while re-appropriated its assembling exercises to outer producers from that point forward. With the development of its arrangement of brand names, for example, Cheetah Ladies, Cheetah Junior, C. Association, the business is developing in a decent condition and stable. Cheetah Holdings Berhad (CHB) was established in year 1979. It was recorded on the Second Board of Bursa Malaysia Securities Berhad on nineteenth January 2005, and it ready to make itself to move into First Board of Bursa Malaysia in year 2007. In the middle of these years, CHB has gained 75% stake in Above Fashion Sdn Bhd and the renowned junior brand LadyBird from Woolworth Plc. This makes CHB demonstrated a pretty and decent income figure in its yearly report of year 2006. Probably the best achievement accomplished by CHB is, the attire producer Cheetah Corporation with deals of US$25 million is one of the nine organizations recorded on Forbes Asia 2007 rundown is broadly perceived in its consistency of benefit and development over the most recent three years, and this has been accounted for in New Straits Times on 21st September 2007. The fundamental point of CHB is to develop its main concern along with its crucial vision of expanding benefit. In addition, it additionally put underscore on fulfilling partners and improving aptitudes of their kin to overhaul their innovative work. CTB has three private company units. It included Cheetah Corporation (M) Sdn Bhd which is accountable for the company’s center attire business, Cheetah Reality Sdn Bhd which is responsible for property venture, and Cheetah Marketing Sdn Bhd. Cheetah Corporation (M) Sdn Bhd has gone into an Exclusive Licensee Contract since 21st Jan 2007. It associated with Focus Point Vision Care Group Sdn Bhd, an organization fused in Malaysia. This is purposed for the elite permit option to configuration, create, produce and sell optical eyewear that conveys the brand name of ‘CHEETAH’.

Reciprocity In All Its Forms Essay -- Essays Papers

Correspondence In All Its Forms Correspondence is emblematic of making, keeping up, or reinforcing social connections just as fulfilling the material needs and needs of somebody out of luck. It alludes to the trading of items without the utilization of cash or other media of trade. It can appear as sharing, neighborliness, blessings, or dealing. Anthropologists recognize three types of correspondence. One structure is summed up correspondence, which is the giving of merchandise without desire for an arrival of equivalent incentive at any distinct future time. Summed up correspondence happens for the most part between people who are sincerely appended to each other and have a duty to help each other based on need. In the United States, guardians who furnish their youngsters with cover, food, vehicles, school instructions, and intrigue free credits are rehearsing summed up correspondence. Giving without the desire for a snappy and comparable return ought to likewise happen between certain different sorts of social relations, for example, spouses and husbands, kin, and in some cases dear companions. Among specific gatherings of individuals a bigger number of products are traded utilizing this structure than some other. For instance, most individuals from little chasing and assembling bunches are required to share food and be liberal with their assets. Summed up correspondence occurs in every single human populace and is the predominant method of trade in little gatherings where all or most individuals are family members. Another structure is adjusted correspondence, in which the items traded are relied upon to have generally equivalent worth. Also, another trademark is that there is no dealing between the gatherings. The arrival might be normal promptly, or at whatever point the supplier requests it, or by some predefined... ... correspondence into another can be utilized as a method of changing the idea of a social relationship. Since the type of correspondence rehearsed between two people is identified with the level of social separation between them, the social separation can be diminished or expanded by one gathering starting another type of trade. For instance, somebody can move someone else nearer by probably starting a relationship of adjusted correspondence. Taking everything into account, types of correspondence will in general be related with sorts of social relations, so the correspondence rehearsed between individuals changes as their relationship changes. Individuals can utilize correspondence to accomplish social objectives. For instance, individuals can send positive or negative messages by either responding or declining to respond blessings or solicitations. In conclusion, correspondence can be utilized as a method of shortening or extending social separation.

Online Decisions = YES

Online Decisions = YES We are pleased to announce that MIT admissions decisions will be made available online in addition to the standard postal mailing. We expect to release decisions on Saturday, March 18 at 12:00PM EST (Eastern Standard Time). If this date/time changes for any reason, it will be announced on MyMIT. Decisions will be available to those who meet all of the following criteria: You have applied for freshman admission (not transfer or graduate). Your intended entry year (as designated in your MyMIT account) is 2006. You applied in Regular Action, or were deferred in Early Action (the system is unable to display decisions for those who applied in Early Action and received a final action in December i.e. admitted or denied). What is the process for receiving my admissions decision online? In order to check your decision online, you will need to have registered for a MyMIT account and you will need to know your username and password. When decisions are released, simply visit https://decisions.mit.edu and log in using the same username and password that you use to log into your MyMIT account. There are no interim screens, so you should be sure you wish to receive your decision online before logging in to decisions.mit.edu. If you are using remember me functionality with your MyMIT account, we strongly advise you to log out and log back in to be 100% certain that you know your correct username and password. We will not be in the office on the weekend that decisions are released, so to prevent any delays, you should confirm your username and password well in advance by logging into your MyMIT account. What if Ive forgotten my MyMIT password? You may use our automated system to reset it. Simply visit my.mit.edu and click on the lost password link in the orange log-in box on the left. If youre having trouble using our automated username/password recovery process, or if youve forgotten your username, please email [emailprotected] with your full name and mailing address. Well use this information to locate you in our system and reset your password within a few days. What if I dont have a MyMIT account? If you do not currently have a MyMIT account and you wish to receive your decision online, you will need to register for one using your MIT ID, which was sent to you via postal mail soon after receiving your application. If you have misplaced your MIT ID, or if you never received it, you may call our office to get it (please note that you will be asked to give some personal information for verification). If you register without your MIT ID, your username and password may not work on decisions.mit.edu. Will there be any indication of my admissions decision in my MyMIT account? Although they use the same username and password information for login purposes, decisions.mit.edu and my.mit.edu are intentionally distinct sites. This is to ensure that those who do not wish to receive their decisions online will not have to. That said, admitted students will see the addition of the Admitted Student Portlet in their MyMIT account beginning on or after Thursday, March 23. (Rejected and waitlisted applicants will not see a change.) If you do not wish to receive your decision online and you have not received your postal letter by Thursday, youll want to take a brief vacation from your MyMIT account until your letter arrives in the mail.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) - 1260 Words

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder In today society, many people go through many tragic events in a life time. One of the most common disorders is posttraumatic stress disorder. This disorder is can be exposed to violent events such as rape, child abuse, war, domestic violence. This disorder thought to be only on war veterans who have been involved in combat. But this disorder is not only limited to soldiers but to any person. Anybody can go through posttraumatic stress disorder who has had horrible traumatic events in their life span. PTSD is a disorder that many individuals go through without even knowing it. PTSD can cause many health and social issues. What is important is how it is treated and how early it can be detected. PTSD can be treated with the proper intervention and treatments. Psychologists have carefully researched material that is necessary for the treatment of this posttraumatic stress disorder. Descriptive Component PTSD is a well known disorder that has many symptoms and affects. Anybody can suffer from this disorder like adults, children, and adolescents. The symptoms of this disorder are intense fear and feelings of helplessness, recurrent and intrusive recollections, flashbacks, and dreams of the events, physiological reactivity when exposed to cures the symbolize the events, avoidance of stimuli associated with the event, numbing of feelings, inability to recall aspects of the event, feelings of detachment, pessimism about the future, sleepShow MoreRelatedPosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )994 Words   |  4 PagesPosttraumatic stress disorder, also known as PTSD, is a psychological problem that according to Nebraska Department of Veterans’ Affairs, in 2007, 7.8 percent of Americans will experience at some point in their lives. Posttraumatic stress disorder has a range of symptoms that affects the life of the person who suffers from the disorder and close fr iends and family. However, there is hope for the person suffering from PTSD and six different theoretical models to choose from. Posttraumatic stressRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )2353 Words   |  10 PagesIndividuals that show to have Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) are significantly affected both mentally and emotionally due to the exposure to a traumatic event. PTSD is a life-long disorder that is being seen diagnosed more and more among returning soldiers and sexually-violated individuals. Because of its increased detection, the importance of constructing effective treatments for individuals living with PTSD is becoming increasingly recognized. Although effectively treating PTSD has shown to be ratherRead MorePtsd And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder1216 Words   |  5 PagesPTSD or Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a growing concern with our returning soldiers. As technology is advancing, battles are becoming more and more gruesome. The scars from defending your country are not only physical. Some scars may not be visible, but are even more dangerous. The trauma imbedded in these men and women’s heads will cause pain for them and their entire family. The dictionary definition of PTSD is a serious condition that can develop after a person has experienced or witnessedRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )3006 Words   |  13 PagesPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating psychiatric disorder that may occur in some people following a traumatic event. PTSD and depression often coexist due to the similar characteristics of PTSD and depression as well as the nature of a traumatic event inducing PTSD as well as depressive symptoms per DSM-5 guidelines. PTSD has been noted to coexist with diabetes as well in several research studies. The etiology, prevalence, and symptoms of PTSD, depression and PTSD associated withRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )2078 Words   |  9 Pagesadults who experience traumatic events this year will go on to develop Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. It is estimated that 31 million United States citizens are suffering from the disorder at any given moment. Posttraumatic Stres s Disorder is one of the world’s most prominent psychological issues, despite the fact that several people are not even familiar with its name. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder that may occur after experiencing traumatizing events or being involvedRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1176 Words   |  5 PagesPosttraumatic Stress Disorder(commonly known as PTSD) is disorder that occurs after an event which has had a traumatizing effect on an individual. A traumatizing event would include life threatening events, emotionally traumatic events, terrifying events, and even rape. The effects of PTSD are anxiety, violent rages, consistent nightmares, and terrifying flashbacks. Symptoms of PTSD usually emerge after 3 months after the incident, but symptoms can also be evident even years later. Individuals thatRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1514 Words   |  7 PagesDescription Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is defined as â€Å"a condition that generates waves of anxiety, anger, aggression, depression and suspicion; threatens a person’s sense of self; and interferes with daily life functioning† (Smeltzer, Bare, Hinkle Cheever, 2010, p. 99). As human beings, we are built with different type of emotions and feelings that can endanger us or benefit us. When faced with a traumatic life event, an individual will either overcome the event and become strongerRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1402 Words   |  6 Pages Posttraumatic Growth in Relation to Resilience Trauma is common but not all survivors experience posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD). In the National Comorbidity Survey, trauma exposure rates exceeded 50%, yet lifetime PTSD was estimated at 7.8% (Kessler, Sonnega, Bromet, Hughes, Nelson,1995). These ï ¬ ndings have been replicated and found to be consistent suggesting that most people exposed to trauma can retain a stable equilibrium without reactive psychopathology (Bonanno, 2004; Bonanno,GaleaRead MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay2002 Words   |  9 PagesPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent trauma and stress related disorder (Narrow, et al 2002). In Australia, 7.2% of population who belong to the 16-85 years old group have suffered from PTSD (McEvoy, et al 2011). A statistic also revealed that 4.6% of males and 8.3% of females have been suffering PTSD for over 12 months (Australia Bureau of Statistics 2007), hence, it is obvious that PTSD is a serious mental disorder. This essay is going to e xplore the diagnostic criteria of PTSD,Read MorePosttraumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1275 Words   |  6 PagesPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be defined as â€Å" a complex disorder in which a person’s memory, emotional responses, intellectual process, and nervous system have been disrupted by one or more traumatic experiences†(Swan Persis, 2016). It is trauma and stressor related, a disorder that depends on a factor outside a person. Types of events that can lead to the development of PTSD include physical assault, rape and sexual assault, military combat, torture, mass violence, natural disasters

Should Prostitution Be Legalized - 1771 Words

Whether you were a knight during the medieval ages, a Union soldier fighting during the Civil War, or are a teenager living in 2015, chances are, you are familiar with the term â€Å"prostitute.† Consequently, prostitution is one of the oldest â€Å"professions† known to mankind and is still very much alive today. Despite being legal in only Nevada, there are an estimated one million prostitutes in the United States, thus proving to be a major criminal industry in our country. This topic interests me because of a documentary I saw regarding prostitution, as well as seeing frequent media coverage on the issue as well. I have seen many individuals argue that prostitution should be legalized, which I decided to look further into. Upon researching the†¦show more content†¦Firstly, the numerous risks of bodily harm, violence, and diseases resulting from prostitution are discussed. Physical injuries can range from bruises and black eyes, all the way to being beaten i nto a coma. Additionally, developing sexually-transmitted diseases, other gynecological disorders, and unwanted pregnant are extremely prevalent in prostitutes. The emotional risks of prostitution are extremely serious as well, with depression, anxiety, eating disorders, severe trauma, and suicide attempts just being a few. Addiction to dangerous substances is nearly universal in women who are prostitutes, with alcohol and cocaine being abused most commonly. This source is credible because the author of the article is a Women’s Studies and Medical Ethics professor, as well as the co-director of the Coalition Against Trafficking in Women. This source will be useful for constructing my argument because all of these extremely perilous risks which are very prevalent among prostitutes that are listed in this article will help convince the reader why it should be illegal. Post, Dianne. Prostitution Cannot Be Squared with Human Rights or the Equality of Women. Cato Unbound. N.p., 6 Dec. 2013. Web. 25 Oct. 2015. This source is a scholarly journal article. This article discusses how prostitution is a result of gender inequality, and legalizing prostitution will only exacerbate this inequality even further. In prostitution, women’s bodies are viewed as â€Å"products†

Hrm in South Africa Free Essays

International Human Resource Management Your assignment is to take a country of your choice and consider how the human resource management function has been shaped by the internal and external contexts. Conclude your assignment with some suggestions as to what the future might hold for the field of HRM in your chosen country. The idea behind the module is for you to explore the meaning and implications of the concepts and ideas of international and comparative human resource management. We will write a custom essay sample on Hrm in South Africa or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is no one way of defining and understanding the nature and purpose of HRM. HRM varies according to the cultural and institutional environment in which it is conducted. It is suggested that you choose a country with which you are familiar, perhaps your home country, as this may enable you to provide examples to support your analysis. However, the important point is to choose a country that may be readily researched by access to texts and other available information. Assessment criteria: These are referred to in your Handbook. However, as a guide you need to show understanding of the various concepts and ideas discussed in the sessions, including knowledge of the perspectives to the employment relationship. This will include the extent to which culture impacts upon the relationship; how political, economic and social contexts influence the relationships; indicate some understanding of differing approaches to management development and have some understanding of the importance of employee relations. Brief outline of the essential criteria: Distinction – an assignment demonstrating wide coverage and understanding of the subject, including a strong critical analysis and evaluation. Commendation – an assignment demonstrating wide coverage and understanding of the subject, with some critical analysis and evaluation. Pass – an assignment demonstrating wide coverage and understanding of the subject, but mainly description rather than critical analysis and evaluation. Structure Choose a country that has been researched in the past†¦ i. e. a place where HRM practices are commented on and discussed. Consider and comment on internal and external context that have influenced HRM factors CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF EXISTING RESEARCH Conclude with recommendations, as well as suggestions as to what the future may hold for HRM in the country of choice. An analysis of current HRM practices in the Republic of South Africa Introduction This study will investigate and explore two to three aspects of HRM practises within the Republic of South Africa. In order to gain an insight into how the country functions, it will be important to understand the various internal and external factors that may have influenced current HRM practices. South Africa is a multicultural country with a rapidly growing economy, and is widely seen as one of the most stable democracies in Africa, having recently emerged from the infamous apartheid era. The South African economy is the largest in the continent, and the 28th largest in the world. The country lobbied heavily, and was eventually invited to join the economic and political organisation BRICS in 2011 (Smith 2011), and has just successfully hosted the annual BRICS conference (2013) for the first time. Concerns have however been expressed over whether South Africa deserves its place among the BRICS, as the country has the lowest levels of government spending, life expectancy, and literacy rates within the group, while the South African GDP comprises just 2. 5% of that of the combined BRICS’s GDP (Smith, 2013). In addition, while the populations of India and China stand at over a billion people, South Africa has a population of 50 million of which almost a quarter are unemployed and live on less than ? 1 a day (Seria Cohen, 2009). This high poverty level is a major contributor to the crime rates in South Africa, with Johannesburg being infamous for its high levels of crime (Diseko, 2010). The most concerning crime considered to be the extent of rape and violence against women in South Africa. With two rapes occurring every minute (Itano, 2003), a typical South African woman is estimated to have a 40% chance of being raped (Middleton, 2011). Domestic violence is also reportedly high, with statistics suggesting that one woman is killed by her husband/partner every eight hours in South Africa (Faul 2013). The practice of ‘corrective rape’ is a major problem, which is based on the incorrect belief that the rape of lesbians can ‘cure’ them of homosexuality (Mufweba, 2003). The South African government is well aware of all these problems, and has made a number of attempts to tackle them head on, including the amendment and strengthening of laws that deal with sexual offences. The government notes that the problem â€Å"is reflective of deep-seated, systemic dysfunction in our society† (Government Gazette South Africa, 2007). Diseko (2010) argues that the high crime levels have had a massive impact upon the South African economy, with recent research showing that the country has been experiencing a brain drain (Kok, 2006). Moolman (2012) highlights cases of high numbers of skilled engineers and other professionals emigrating to MDRs (More Developed Regions) such as Australia and North America. Dreyer, cited in Moolman (2012) argues that while South Africa holds 80% of the world’s chromium, manganese, gold and platinum reserves, the shortage of skilled workers means that costs are becoming too high for the industry to be profitable. The statistics for 2001 show that only 181 managers or skilled professionals immigrated to South Africa from MDRs, with 645 going the opposite way (Statistics South Africa 2003, cited in Kok, 2006). These statistics highlight the struggle that South Africa faces with regard to the attraction and retention of talented skilled workers to help keep its economic growth on an upward trajectory. However, Diseko (2010) argues that this phenomenon is reversing, and cites South Africa’s rapidly growing economy and political stability have seen it once again become a ‘net importer’ of skilled workers. He claims that South Africa now appears an attractive proposition to South African expatriates as well as foreign skilled workers, and argues that this ‘net import’ of skilled workers is driven by economic factors such as the recession within MDRs, such as Europe and North America. Cultural factors are also vitally important within the business environment, as they affect the context of business and social interactions. Hofstede has developed a In order to understand the cultural aspect of South Africa countryHofstede (2013) This essay will explore current HRM practices in South Africa, with three major aims Identify your country of choice Justify your choice of country Provide a contemporary overview of the country (50 words) Identify the cultural features of your chosen country using Hofstede or another cultural theorist Explain how those cultural features impact upon HR practices in that country (100 words) Identify the PESTLE factors affecting your chosen country. Explain how those PESTLE factors impact upon HR practices in that country. 100 words) What might the future hold for HR in your chosen country? (50 words) These areas will be investigated through a review of existing literature, which will be critically analysed in order to identify areas that may be developed in future. Definition – highly debated, as various HR practitioners define this in different ways. Macey Schneider (200 8) argue that the term is used to describe behaviours, traits and psychological states, and their associated outcomes. Access Talk about how the new educational processes being introduced will enhance variation among the talent pool if it works. ttp://geert-hofstede. com/imprint. html http://geert-hofstede. com/dimensions. html SA at the moment may have the need for people and have the people, but the skills of the people may not match up to the requirements. what has been driving the change, crime rate in johannesburg, violence, more economic potential than actual, growing quite fast, next to BRICKSA is the definition of emerging economies going to include SA? Look at growth rate of BRICKSA economies and  compare to European and US economy. TABLE Stagnation in western economies, but is growth being shown as a comparative within the BRICKSA economies. References Diseko, L, (2010), â€Å"South Africa’s brain drain generation returning home†, Available at: [http://articles. cnn. com/2010-11-18/world/south. africa. migration_1_south-africans-violent-crime-job-seekers? _s=PM:WORLD], Accessed on: 15/03/13 Erasmus, B, Van Wyk, M, Schenk, H, (2003), â€Å"South African Human Resource Management – Theory Practice (3rd Edition)â€Å" Formeset, Epping, Cape Town Faul, M, (2013), â€Å"South Africa violence against women rate highest in the world†, Available at: [http://www. huffingtonpost. com/2013/03/08/south-africa-violence-against-women_n_2837804. tml], Accessed on: 03/08/13 Government Gazzette South Africa, (2007) [Online], â€Å"Criminal law (Sexual offences and related matters) Amendment Act 2007†, Available at: [http://www. info. gov. za/view/DownloadFileAction? id=77866], Accessed on: 12/03/13 HRPractice, (2011), [Online], â€Å"Findings from a pilot survey†, Available at: [http://www. hr practice. co. za/newsletters-online/200907. html] Accessed on:12/02/13 Itano, N, (2003), [Online], â€Å"South Africa begins getting tough on rape†, Available at: [http://womensenews. org/story/rape/030224/south-africa-begins-getting-tough-rape#. UVB2sBzIbX4], Accessed on: 15/03/13 Macey, WH, Schneider, B, (2008), â€Å"The meaning of employee engagement†, Industrial Organisational Psychology, Volume 1, pp. 3-30 Middleton, L, (2011), â€Å"Corrective rape: Fighting a South African scourge†, Available at: [http://www. time. com/time/world/article/0,8599,2057744,00. html], Accessed on: 12/03/13 Moolman, S, (2012), [Online], â€Å"The brain drain continues†, Available at: [http://www. miningweekly. com/article/the-brain-drain-continues-2012-08-10], Accessed on:15/03/13 Mufweba, Y, (2003), [Online], â€Å"’Corrective rape makes you an African woman’†, Available at: [http://www. iol. co. za/news/south-africa/corrective-rape-makes-you-an-african-woman-1. 116543#. UVB9mhzIbX4], Accessed on: 14/03/13 Seria, N, Cohen, M, (2009), [Online], â€Å"South Africa’s unemployment rate approaches 23. 5%†, Available at: [http://www. bloomberg. com/apps/news? pid=newsarchivesid=aoB7RbcZCRfU], Accessed on:14/03/13 Smith, D, (2013), [Online], â€Å"South Africa: More of a briquette than a BRIC†, Available at: [http://www. guardian. co. uk/world/2013/mar/24/south-africa-bric-developing-economy], Accessed on:13/03/13 SA HR Best Practice Summit Reportback http://www. hrfuture. et/education-and-training/sa-hr-best-practice-summit-reportback. php? Itemid=265 ARE YOUR EMPLOYEES ENGAGED? http://www. hrpractice. co. za/news/news. html http://www. info. gov. za/view/DownloadFileAction? id=117580 Human resource practices and discrimination in South Africa: overcoming the apartheid legacy http://www. ingentaconnect. com/content/routledg/ rijh/2002/00000013/00000007/art00008 Managing human resources in South Africa: A multinational firm focus http://www. emeraldinsight. com/books. htm? chapterid=1761939 http://books. google. co. uk/books? id=uilaYjWdvN4Cprintsec=frontcover#v=onepageqf=false How to cite Hrm in South Africa, Papers

Civics Questions Essay Example For Students

Civics Questions Essay 1. How is government authority in the United States limited? Give one example. The government can not interfere with those rights granted to the people through the Constitution or the Bill of Rights. The Supreme Court is there to protect our individual rights and freedoms. 2.What is the difference between absolute rights and relative rights?No person has an absolute freedom of speach; they are not free to say whatever they like. We do have a relative freedom of speech though, we may say whatever we like as long as it does not interfere with the rights of others. 3. Do all of the rights guarented by the Constitution apply to all people in the United States? Explain. Most rights in the constitution are for all people in the United States, aliens as well as citizens. But not for all rights. For instance, the right to travel freely does not always apply to aliens, especially during times of war. 4. What is the Bill of Rights? When and why was it added to the Constitution?The Bill of Rights is the first ten amendments to the constitution, gauranteeing many rights to the people of the United States. It was added to the constitution in 1791 to meet one of the major objections in the ratification of the Constitution. 5.What effect has the 14th Amendments Due Process Clause had on the Bill of Rights?The Bill of Rights on its own applies only to the national government, not the states. The 14th amendment nationalized the Bill of Rights applying most of its restrictions to the states also. 6. Why are the rights set out in the 1st amendment called fundamental freedoms?These rights, the right to have freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition, are fundamental freedoms because the are the basis of American government. Our system would not work without these basic freedoms. 7. What is the excessive entanglement standard? Why is it important?A states school aid law must meet theses requirements: (1) the purpose of the aid must be clearly secular, not religous, (2) its primary effect must neither advance nor inhibit religion, and (3) it must avoid an excessive entanglement of government with religion. It is important to prevent three main evils; sponsorship, financial support, and active involvement of the sovereign in religous activities. 8. The Free Exercise Clause protects an absolute right to what? A relative right to what?It provides an absolute right to believe whatever a person wants to believe in the matters of religion. But it only applies a relative right to act as in matters of religion. 9. What are the two fundamental purposes of the 1st and 14th Amendments protections of free speech, free press, petition, and assembly?(1) To gaurantee to each person a right of free expression in the spoken and the written word, and by all other means of comunication as well; and(2) To ensure to all persons a full, wide-ranging discussion of public affairs. 10. List two examples of types of speech or expression that are not protected by the Constitution. Explain why these actions are not protected. Slander-Because it infringes on the rights of others. Obscenity- is also not allowed because it infringes on others rights. 11. What is prior restraint? Is it constitutional?Prior restraint is to curb ideas before they are expressed, and no it is not constitutional. 12. What kinds of assembly are not protected by the Constitution? Why?Those in which the participants trespass on private property, and those that inhibit the running of public service places like schools and court houses. .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 , .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .postImageUrl , .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 , .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759:hover , .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759:visited , .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759:active { border:0!important; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759:active , .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759 .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u25a8e31b2f8a4b8980903b4857704759:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A soldiers Tale Essay13. Why has the Supreme Court often upheld state and local laws that require advance notice and permits for demonstrations in public places?Because the authority of a municipality to maintain safety supercedes the right for demonstrations. 14. What is the Smith Act? The Mccarran Act? What has been the effect of Supreme Court decisions involving these laws?Smith act-it is unlawful to teach or advocate the violent overthrow of the United States government. McCarran- All Communist-Action and Comunist-Fronts must register with the Attorney General. They have both been sharply limited, leaving them as hollow shells.

V for Vendetta Case Study Essay Example

V for Vendetta Case Study Essay The society in the movie â€Å"V for vendetta† is politically anti-liberal because the features of their society are not like a politically liberal one. A politically liberal society would have proper human rights, as well as a proper democracy. The society is politically anti-liberal because it violates the citizen’s human rights, and does not resemble a liberal society. A political society has support for constitution, democracy, fair elections, human rights, capitalism, and free trade. Their society is based on the ideas of Thomas Hobbes, when they deny freedom for security. Which is demonstrated when make citizens feel that their freedom for security has been compromised. If they live in a world filled with fear, and terror, they cannot feel free. They are forced to be obedient and loyal to the high chancellor. The citizens must live with a lower standard of security, because of the high chancellor’s control over them. The high chancellor can control individuals by using techniques such as a secret police. Their society is based on the ideas of Machiavelli, when they use fear and terror to create loyalty and obedience from the people. Which is demonstrated when they use secret police to control when people may be outside during day or night. The society has many cameras which infringe people’s privacy. The television is always spewing propaganda. They also abduct people who are not obedient or defy the wishes of the high chancellor. They use the fear that can be instilled by such methods, to forcibly create loyalty and obedience. If the citizens refuse to be obedient, in most cases the secret police would resort to violence. We will write a custom essay sample on V for Vendetta Case Study specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on V for Vendetta Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on V for Vendetta Case Study specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The society can also be seen as Draconian, when they do not allow freedom of thought, music, or art. The high chancellor is fearful about people having their own thoughts, because they may prove to oppose his own beliefs. The government is completely invasive. The society that the citizens live in is Orwellian, because the high chancellor has complete control over their lives. The society has many cameras’ monitoring all its inhabitants. This limits the freedoms of all individuals while enabling the government to have full control. With the invasion of privacy that the society uses, they can control all aspects of a person’s life. The individual rights of the citizens are denied, when the state takes away those rights, and controls the media in order to stay in power. When the bishop tries to rape that girl, he is violating human rights. They also do not allow same sex marriages. This is an example of another aspect life that the government controlled. The state also imposed curfews on the citizens, once again, restricting their freedom. They also had concentration camps, where the homosexuals, Muslims, terrorists, immigrants, and disease-ridden degenerates were contained, and were used to test government bio weapons. Thomas Hobbes social contract theory includes various assumptions about human nature. There is evidence of a social contract is when all the citizens comply with the wishes of the state. When they realized that the state was no longer able to contain their own needs. They marched onto the streets, wearing masks that were sent to their homes. The citizens made an effort to help change the society to suit their needs. This would the change that they needed, to live their life in a freer manner. A flaw I found in the totalitarian society is that when a leader controls all the important aspects of an individual’s life. It easily violates human rights, and creates problems for the people. This will result in revolution. Like the movie, people in the past have responded to such societies by revolting. When totalitarianism denies a society of human rights, as well as many other liberal aspects, the citizens will not enjoy it.

How to Make Copper Sulfate

How to Make Copper Sulfate Copper sulfate crystals are among the most beautiful crystals you can grow, but you might not have access to a chemistry lab or want to order the copper sulfate from a chemical supply company. Thats okay because you can make copper sulfate yourself using readily-available materials. Materials for Making Copper Sulfate There are a few different ways you can make copper sulfate yourself. This method relies on a little electrochemistry to get the job done. You will need: copper wire- which is high purity coppersulfuric acid- H2SO4- battery acidwater6-volt battery Make Copper Sulfate Fill a jar or beaker with 5 ml concentrated sulfuric acid and 30 ml of water. If your sulfuric acid solution is already diluted, add less water.Set two copper wires into the solution so that they are not touching each other.Connect the wires to a 6-volt battery.The solution will turn blue as copper sulfate is produced. When you run electricity through copper electrodes which are separated from each other in a dilute sulfuric acid bath the negative electrode will evolve bubbles of hydrogen gas while the positive electrode will be dissolved into the sulfuric acid and oxidized by the current. Some of the copper from the positive electrode will make its way to the anode where it will be reduced. This cuts into your copper sulfate yield, but you can minimize the loss by taking some care with your set-up. Coil the wire for the positive electrode and set it at the bottom of your beaker or jar. Slip a piece of plastic tubing (e.g., a small length of aquarium hose) over the wire where it extends up from the coil to keep it from reacting with the solution near the anode. (If you had to strip your wire, leave the insulating coating on the part that runs down into the liquid). Suspend the negative copper electrode (anode) over the cathode coil, leaving a good amount of space. When you connect the battery, you should get bubbles from the anode, but not the cathode. If you get bubbling at both electrodes, try increasing the distance between the electrodes. Most of the copper sulfate will be at the bottom of the container, separated from the anode. Collect Your Copper Sulfate You can boil the copper sulfate solution to recover your copper sulfate. Because the solution contains sulfuric acid, you wont be able to boil the liquid off completely (and you need to take care not to touch the liquid, which will become concentrated acid). The copper sulfate will precipitate out as a blue powder. Pour off the sulfuric acid and reuse it to make more copper sulfate! If you would prefer to have copper sulfate crystals, you can grow them directly from the blue solution that you prepared. Just allow the solution to evaporate. Again, use care in recovering your crystals because the solution is very acidic.

Discuss ethical and legal implications of medical errors related to Essay

Discuss ethical and legal implications of medical errors related to healthcare management - Essay Example Hiding a medical error from patients violates ethical codes. Nevertheless, medical practitioners fail to disclose the truth to their patients. Most physicians believe that in the medical profession, errors are forbidden and if they reveal them they could damage their professional reputations (Selbst, 2003). Others also believe that by revealing these errors to the patients as ethically required might reduce the number of referrals they receive thus lowering their income. Moreover, disclosing the truth about medical errors may also increase patient anxiety and erode their trust in future. In addition, most medical professionals also conceal a medical error from patients because of the fear to be punished. They believe that if they reveal an error to a patient they may face a malpractice law suit that could lead to dismissal and hinder their career advancement (Kapp, 1997). However, although most physicians fear to disclose the truth about their mistakes to their patients, it is morally upright to do so. The fear of being blamed should not be a reason of hiding the truth from patient (Wu AW et al, 1997). Moreover, physicians only face more lawsuits when they try to hide the mistakes from their patients who later on realize the truth through other means. Therefore, to reduce medical errors, physicians should address this fear and its

CLAFIFYING THE PURPOSE OF THE HRD EFFORT Assignment

CLAFIFYING THE PURPOSE OF THE HRD EFFORT - Assignment Example Some of the innovative production lines of the company specialize in the production of hybrid-electric automobiles, all-electric automobiles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and hydrogen fuel-cell driven vehicles (Toyota Corporation, 2013). Mission/ Goals of the Company The mission of the company reads, â€Å"Toyota will lead the way to the future of mobility, enriching lives around the world with safety and most responsible ways of moving people† (Toyota Corporation, 2013a). The goals attached to the mission statement of the company include engaging the passion and the talents of its human resource-base, towards delivering on the promise. The mission of the company emphasizes that the company intends to become a leader in the industry, which has demonstrated through the production of all-electric vehicles (Toyota Corporation, 2013a). Secondly, the company has set out to work towards the enrichment of people’s lives, with responsibility and high levels of safety. The company ha s demonstrated its commitment to the mission, through its continuous pursuit to set the standards for comfort and safety in automobiles. The mission statement of the company The mission statement of the company states the following: â€Å"To attract and attain customers using high-valued products and services and the most satisfying ownership experience in America† (Toyota Corporation, 2013a). ... The production department checks that the company meets projected production plans in a timely manner, and also checks that products of the right quality are produced by the company. Sales and marketing develop the marketing mix, promotes products and markets the products of the company. Customer service checks that the complaints of customers are effectively resolved and addressed and that service delivery is fashioned in an effective manner (Toyota Motors, 2011b). Human resources checks that the right skills and workforce is attracted by the company and that the human resources are fully utilized. Accounting is responsible for checking the threshold of business, reporting profit or losses and giving inferences on operational efficiency. Purpose of the HRD effort The role of the HRD effort in the company Traditionally, the roles of the human-resource development (HRD) departments revolve around the improvement and reshaping of the knowledge, the skills and the attitudes of the human resources of the organization. The success of the HRD effort has been evaluated through gauging the satisfaction of individuals with events, their work and other members of the organization (Woodall, 2001). Further, HRD is sometimes viewed as a value-added exercise, which is core to the business’ success. At Toyota Corporation, the HRD has been given a deeper meaning, where the HRD effort has been continually used as a tool for the management and the reshaping of the HR resources, so that they can handle the changes and the instability of the world economy and business in general (Toyota Motors, 2011b). For example, through the promotion of a culture of flexibility and information, the company has

Philosophy Of Religion An Historical Introduction Philosophy Essay

Philosophy Of Religion An Historical Introduction Philosophy Essay Linda Trinkaus Zagzebski is a highly qualified American writer. She has done her PhD from University of California, Los Angeles, MA from University of California, Berkeley and BA from Stanford University. At the moment she is a Research Professor of Philosophy at the University of Oklahoma. Other books by the same author include On Epistemology, Divine Motivation Theory, Intellectual Virtue: Perspectives from Ethics and Epistemology, Virtue Epistemology: Essays on Epistemic Virtue and Responsibility, Virtues of the Mind, The Dilemma of Freedom and Foreknowledge, Rational Faith: Catholic Responses to Reformed Epistemology and Readings in Philosophy of Religion: Ancient to Contemporary. Summary of the Book The writer has written at length on a subject that is of immense interest to the students of philosophy. The writer has given a historical perspective of philosophy but not in a chronological order. She has adopted the conventional approach of dividing chapters into topics. The book has many ancient, medieval and modern examples on philosophy of religion. Book contains a lot of references and the writer has given her own views and position and not just the review / survey of literature. The writer has elaborated some of the standard issues regarding philosophy of religion. The chapter on the problem of evil includes issue of value. The chapter on immortality deals with the question that whether death is bad. The chapter on divine nature dilates on personhood and revelation. The chapter on religious diversity addresses the question why this issue has gained importance in modern period. The core topics included in this book are the relationship between religion and philosophy, the exis tence of God, religion and morality, the problem of evil, death and afterlife and the problem of religious diversity. The book is lucid, elegantly written and an outstanding introduction to the field of philosophy of religion. Authors Thesis Chapter 1 deals with the Philosophical Approach to Religion. In this chapter, the writer discusses relationship between religion and philosophy. Then the writer tells us about origin of religion. She defines religion as a complex human practice. A commonality between all religions is a sacred space. The concept that what should one believe about the ultimate matters of universe, actually marks the intersection of philosophy and religion. Philosophy originated in the 6th Century. A lot of great thinkers Confucius, Mahavira, Hebrew Prophets, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle lived at the same time. This age is known as Axial Age. Afterwards writer discusses the idea of god in different religions. Then the writer compares religion and philosophy that they were not always in harmony with each other. Philosophers did not necessarily approve of the rationale in the religion. Chapter 2 deals with the Classical Arguments for the Existence of God. The writer in this chapter deals with the very question that Does God Exist? She gives the theist and atheist perspective. She argues that religion should have philosophical and scientific reasons, only then in the modern era masses will get convinced. She says that some providential designer of the universe exists. Existence of nature, planets everything is not by chance and has been intelligently maintained and designed. Chapter 3 deals with the Pragmatic Approach to Religious Belief. In this chapter writer tells us that Pascal believed that religion cannot solely rest on reason. According to him faith is higher than reason. Pragmatic arguments are benefit directed. She says that it is better to believe in God then not to believe at all. Chapter 4 deals with Who or What is God? God is the supreme being, designer of the universe and the creator. All these characteristics can only be attributed to one greatest conceivable being. We only know what god is not, rather what he is. So we can only picturize what he is not. Writer discusses at length the omnipotent and omniscient characteristics of God. Chapter 5 Deals with Fate, Freedom and Foreknowledge. All the civilizations had the concept of fate and destiny. Greek gods knew about the future but could do nothing to stop it. Anything that happens is because of Gods will. God knows what is going to happen. Chapter 6 deals with the Problem of Evil. The concept of evil has given rise to atheism. How can there be evil if there is a perfectly good god. The writer says that if god is the god of the whole humanity then why some people suffer and some are blessed. Why evil is ever increasing. There is no good without evil, good requires evil to differentiate. Chapter 8 deals with the Death and the Afterlife. Writer says that every person fears death and according to Aristotle ones death is according to ones life. She explains concept of death by giving example of the views of Epicurus. What makes a person the same person? Is it body or stream of conscious state held together in memory? Chapter 9 deals with the Problem of Religious Diversity. The writer says that in ancient times there was no conflict in religions. Pantheons of god of one ancient group were not rivals of the gods of the other. If you want to follow a new religion or get an opinion then ask someone who is neutral and is a follower of no religion, only then he/she can give you objective description and not a subjective one. It is only when the people we admire have a different opinion that we begin to think and question our own ideas. Chapter 10 deals with Faith, Reason and the Ethics of Belief. In this chapter the writer takes on the very question that she took in the first chapter that What should I believe about the ultimate matters of universe? According to writer reason and revelation cannot be in conflict. Writer says that miracles were given to prophets as a sign and testimony that revelation is from God. Prophets were given powers to perform miracles. Critical Analysis of the Book First of all this book should not be made part of the Book Review. According to Imam Haddad in his book Book of Assistance Muslims should not read literature that is contrary to the Muslim Belief of God. Chapter 2 and 4 (Existence of God Who or What is God) are very disillusioning. It is not encouraged in Islam to read such literature. For someone who is not a student of philosophy, this book is fairly complex and complicated. The writer has given examples which a reader with no prior knowledge of philosophy cannot comprehend easily. This book is fairly concise, consisting of ten chapters that cover nearly all of the traditional topics. However, she doesnt even mention the Islamic version of philosophy of religion in the explanation and elaboration of different chapters. Islamic concept of Death and Afterlife is not given, Islamic concept of God and the purpose of mankind to worship Allah (SWT) is not shed light on. This book is more historically informed. Book is full of references, arguments and quotations from Cleanthes and Plato to Ramakrishna and Aquinas, which makes it cumbersome to read and the reader loses interest. To her credit, Zagzebski does not try to hide this fact. At the end of chapter one, for instance, she concedes that some remaining chapters do not make sense, if there is no God. Furthermore, she admittedly assumes that God exists in her discussion of the concept of God. One wonders what exactly Zagzebski has in mind when she refers to God as the perfectly good being. Zagzebski thinks she has located in her theory a position that eliminates the problem of evil at the level of the metaphysics of value (158). Her ideas in the chapter of Who and What is God are not very convincing. I cannot let some of Zagzebskis metaphors go without comment. In her introduction to the problem of evil, moreover, while addressing the difficulty of understanding Gods motives in allowing human suffering, she compares humans to dogs (143). This was a very vague example. In Chapter 9 while discussing Faith and Reason (213), she criticizes that Abraham sacrificed his son thinking its the commandment of God, its unreasonable to kill an innocent child. In my opinion Islam gives a detail account of the event and the reason and rationale behind this act, which the Muslims all over the world still cherish. Conclusion General Recommendations It is a very well written book and has been thoroughly investigated and footnoted. There is a bibliography and index at the end. This book is highly recommended to the students of philosophy at the post graduate level due to its complexity.

Managed Care Essay

As recently as 1960, before the onset of managed mental health care, the roles of psychiatrists, psychologists, and clinical social workers tended to be distinct. Psychiatrists had the overall responsibility of patient care, conducted psychotherapy, prescribed medication, and supervised hospital care. Clinical psychologists conducted testing and provided group therapy and other therapeutic modalities in institutions and hospitals. Clinical social workers performed comprehensive psychosocial assessments, counseled regarding family issues, and created discharge plans for patients in social services agencies. At that time, the mental health field was far from overcrowded. With psychiatrists’ shift in emphasis, clinical social workers and clinical psychologists assumed more responsibility in mental health treatment, and psychotherapy, in particular. The proliferation of managed care companies during the 1980s furthered the increased involvement of clinical social workers and clinical psychologists. Because of improved training and the less-expensive nature of their services, clinical social workers and clinical psychologists were more involved in providing psychotherapy to patients suffering from mental illness. (Committee on Therapy, Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry, 1992). Conflict in Roles According to Gibelman & Schervish managed health care companies have continued this trend of expanding the roles and responsibilities of nonmedical providers–primarily clinical social workers and clinical psychologists–while narrowing the scope of psychiatric practice. Managed health care companies see clinical social workers in particular as an economical, substitutable source of labor for both clinical psychologists and psychiatrists in the treatment of patients suffering from mental illness. Presently, clinical social workers provide a wide array of services to clients with mental illness in a variety of settings and at all functional levels of practice. Clinical social workers practice in institutions, hospitals, school systems, clinics, correctional facilities, and private practices. They function in positions of direct service, supervision, management, policy development, research, community organization, and education and training. Clinical social workers frequen tly perform assessments and arrange and develop services. In these roles they serve as gatekeepers and treatment providers. For some time, clinical social  workers have performed the largest portion of psychotherapeutic work done in the United States. Clinical social workers provide as much as 65 percent of all psychotherapy and mental health services (1997). Payers have begun to ask, â€Å"What type of therapist is the most cost-effective?† and â€Å"What is the advantage of paying one profession higher fees than another for rendering the same service?† when an objective review of empirical studies shows that there is no absolute proof that one profession can perform psychotherapy better than another. Such research leads managed care companies to conclude that many of the cheaper sources of labor in the mental health field, such as clinical social workers, are as effective in administering treatment to patients suffering from mental illness as other more-expensive practitioners (Gibelman & Schervish, 1997) Individual verse Group Practice With managed care’s influence, outpatient treatment, and private practice, in particular, has become a viable and increasingly important role for clinical social workers. Although mental health clinics and other institutions provide the greatest opportunity for clinical social workers, a growing number are now carrying out services in a primary setting of solo or group private practice (Gibelman & Schervish, 1996). In 1995, 19.7 percent of NASW members cited private solo and group as their primary practice, and 45.5 percent as their secondary practice setting (Gibelman & Schervish, 1997). Findings indicate that the proportion of clinical social workers entering and practicing as private practitioners continues to grow (Gibelman & Schervish, 1996). The future treatment of patients in solo private practice may be in jeopardy, as managed care companies force clinical social workers and other mental health care providers to join group practices. In group practices, clinical social workers, in combination with other mental health practitioners, provide individual and group therapy, family interventions, and a variety of other services, all through one office (Shera, 1996). These groups provide â€Å"one-stop shopping,† as well as greater access to less-expensive professionals, such as master’s-level clinical social workers. Managed care companies find that group practices are more efficient and cost-effective in the management of a population of patients (Johnson, 1995). As managed care companies continue to reduce reimbursement dollars, changes in multidisciplinary team structures are inevitable, with even more  reliance on master’s-level service providers. Practitioner distinctions already have begun to diminish in favor of more team-oriented models, with the boundaries between the uniqueness of the individual disciplines beginning to blur (Eubanks, Goldberg, & Fox, 1996). Psychiatrists often head the team, coordinating services in conjunction with psychotherapists and other mental health care providers on the treatment team. However, it is not unusual for a clinical psychologist or even a clinical social worker to lead the team, with the psychiatrist relegated to the role of psychopharmacology consultant rather than an active team member (Brooks & Riley, 1996). Treatment In addition to changing the role of mental health practitioners and the structure of treatment teams, managed care has forced the clinical social work profession and the mental health field in general, to examine how its members provide care. Managed care companies are exploring new ways they can provide the most effective services to more people under increasing resource constraints (Shera, 1996). The transition from fee-for-service to managed mental health care services has created an entirely new culture for mental health care providers and consumers (Geller, 1996). Practitioners must accommodate their treatment to the preferences of managed care. Otherwise, they risk a decrease in referrals, which could ultimately lead to loss of status and income. Managed health care companies have exerted influence on the ways that mental health practitioners conceptualize their practice, forcing treaters to modify therapeutic interventions and practice protocols significantly (Shera, 1996). Brief therapy now appears to be the preferred mode of intervention (Gibelman & Schervish, 1996). Long-term psychotherapy has been virtually eliminated for all but private-pay patients. Managed care companies find that studies of short- and long-term therapy suggest that brief approaches are as good as or better than long-term treatment, except in special cases (Lazarus, 1996). The majority of interventions distinguishing themselves in comparative outcome studies are based on behavioral or cognitive-behavioral theories. These treatments tend to be goal- and present-oriented, behaviorally specific, symptom-directive, advice giving, educational, collaborative, and aimed toward the resolution or amelioration of symptoms in relatively brief periods (Johnson, 1995). The  shift in preference to brief modes of therapy by managed care organizations has changed expectations for therapists. Theoretical orientation of practitioners has become of great interest as managed care companies look fo r practitioners who use brief treatment methods (Giles, 1993). The practitioners most significantly affected by managed care’s shift in preferred mode of treatment have been those who provide the extensive and intensive treatments of psychoanalysis and psychodynamic psychotherapy, predominantly clinical psychologists. Their emphasis on Freudian psychotherapies, which generally have a very long duration of outpatient care and discouraging results in the outcome literature, have been, criticized heavily (Giles, 1993). Emerging models of psychotherapy endorsed by managed care organizations assume that the psychotherapeutic process occurs in pieces over time. In these models, psychotherapy functions as an active working relationship between the patient and the therapist, whereby the goal is defined as change rather than cure. Managed care companies’ focus on resolving patients’ acute symptoms, rather than ridding them of their mental health conditions, has led to the gradual disappearance of the use of the psychodynamic model as the dominant framework in the treatment of individuals suffering from mental illness (Edwards, 1997). Recently, group treatments have received attention as a cost-effective means of treatment (Iglehart, 1994). A group format allows a number of patients struggling with similar life issues to come together and benefit by interacting with one another and a therapist, the group leader (Shapiro, 1995). Managed care companies support group designs, relying on numerous studies that demonstrate the efficacy of short-term therapeutic groups using behavioral and cognitive-behavioral approaches. Managed care organizations find group treatment inexpensive relative to other treatment methods, because one practitioner can treat many clients at once, significantly reducing billable hours of treatment incurred. The potential of group treatment to alleviate the psychological problems of large numbers of people at relatively low cost makes group therapy an attractive option for managed care companies (). Despite the utility gains, however, managed care companies do not rely on group treatments as wide ly as might be expected, primarily because of patients’ resistance to group treatment. Some patients find the idea of group treatment difficult to accept because they have a hard time  understanding how they will benefit. Many patients prefer individual treatment sessions, where they have the therapist’s undivided attention. These patients may be embarrassed about their problems and reject the notion of others besides their therapist providing input. The logistics of setting up short-term groups, along with current therapist practice patterns, present additional impediments to managed care’s use of group therapy (Crespi, 1997). Nevertheless, the immediate cost-effectiveness of groups, coupled with documented positive outcomes, has made the modality particularly appealing in mental health delivery systems and provides a compelling argument for their use (Crespi,1997). Projection Managed health care organizations have influenced the delivery of services in the mental health field considerably and will undoubtedly continue to do so (Eubanks et al., 1996). Whether the developments instituted by managed care companies are greeted with pleasure, indifference, or hostility, general agreement exists that the treatment of patients suffering from mental illness will be irrevocably changed as managed care continues to alter drastically the delivery, definition, and outcome of treatment that patients receive. In the future, indicators (Iglehart, 1994) suggest that nonpsychiatric practitioners will emerge as the dominant providers of treatment. According to Giles (1993), managed care companies will expect nonmedical practitioners, such as clinical social workers to provide the bulk of outpatient care in the mental health care field. Clinical social workers are cost-effective, fully qualified providers of mental health care services in the eyes of managed care companies. Distinctions between master’s-level and doctoral-level providers will become more evident as master’s-level practitioners assume primary responsibility for direct mental health services, and doctoral-level providers assume more administrative, supervisory, and research-oriented roles (Crespi, 1997). The rapid increase in managed care’s influence, accompanied by the reduction of referrals to more-expensive specialists, suggests that demand for clinical psychologists will continue to diminish (Johnson, 1997). As managed health care organizations restrict consumer choice of providers, many mental health professionals, such as clinical psychologists, may have difficulty joining reimbursement plans (Gibelman & Schervish, 1997). Despite the shift away  from doctoral-level providers and the narrowing role of the medical practitioner in the treatment regime of managed care companies, psychiatrists will likely have an essential and continuing role in the mental health care system. According to Giles (1993), managed mental health care still needs medical practitioners for their knowledge of psychopharmacology and experience in prescribing medications. Scientific literature has demonstrated that psychotropic medications are an effective and essential treatment component for most psychiatric illnesses, and psychiatrists, being physicians, are currently the only ones who can prescribe these drugs with the knowledge to do so effectively. Another likely development with the influence of managed health care is the rarity of the solo practitioner (Crespi, 1997). Individual practitioners and small group practices will likely remain, but will probably represent a much smaller proportion of psychotherapists (Committee o n Therapy, 1992). With commentators predicting a demise in solo private practice, practitioners will either have to affiliate with managed mental health care groups or forego clients with insurance in favor of those able to afford private payment (Gibelman & Schervish, 1996). The psychotherapist who decides to operate outside of the managed care system faces not only a degree of professional isolation, but also limitations in referrals and remuneration (Committee on Therapy). The managed care initiatives sweeping the nation have profoundly affected the ways that clinical social workers and other mental health practitioners deliver services to people suffering from mental illness (Shera, 1996). As these changes continue, clinicians working in a managed care environment will more often practice time-limited psychotherapeutic interventions and, in all but the rarest cases, the practice of unregimented intensive psychotherapy and psychoanalysis will take place outside of the confines of the managed care a rena. For the majority of mental health care consumers, therapeutic work will focus on precipitating stressors and acute exacerbation that may be treated within the reimbursable framework (Committee on Therapy, 1992; Crespi, 1997). Finally, with managed care’s increasing influence, use of outcome measurement and management will continue. Quantifiable data will play a larger role in treatment decisions. Funding sources of mental health care services will increasingly seek quantitative methods to measure the quality  and efficiency of different interventions to guide their purchasing decisions (Johnson, 1997). As managed care companies look for hard data to determine the most effective professionals and treatments, mental health care providers will have to quantitatively demonstrate effectiveness of interventions and treatment through evidence of patient improvement (Gibelman & Schervish, 1996). Thus, the ability to implement and participate in outcomes measurement processes is vita l for any practitioner who wishes to operate in the managed care environment. Conclusion Despite widespread criticism and various efforts at reform, managed care companies continue to expand. Clinical social workers currently involved in the mental health field, as well as incoming social work students interested in mental health, must take heed of the rapid developments in the field. Although the changes resulting from the influence of managed care present many challenges, they also create many opportunities for mental health care providers, and for clinical social workers in particular. To take advantage of these opportunities, clinical social workers, and the institutions educating them, must be prepared (Geller, 1996). Many clinicians currently practicing, as well as current and incoming graduate students, lack information on the breadth of these developments (Crespi, 1997). Clinical social workers must actively seek out continuing education courses, conferences, and journal articles discussing developments in the field related to managed mental health care to be better informed. In addition, schools of social work must update their curricula for incoming students to reflect the realities of changes in managed care. Graduate schools must educate future social workers regarding developments, providing students with the information and skills necessary to survive in this evolving culture (Shera, 1996). Many social work programs are discovering that traditional curricula are no longer adequate to prepare students for practice in the era of managed care. Managed care’s emphasis on the provision of mental health services at contained costs requires specialized practice skills, particularly rapid assessment, brief treatment, and the ability to document treatment outcomes. Social work educators must incorporate these elements into their programs. As managed care continues to expand and evolve, social work educators need to continue to evaluate its  effect on the training of current and potential clinical social workers. Educators in the field, along with graduate school instructors and administrators, must make the necessary changes to provide clinical social workers with the ability to adapt to the changing environment. Collaboration with managed care is necessary for professional survival (Eubanks et al., 1996). Clinical social workers have an enormous role in the treatment of people suffering from mental illness and have a real opportunity to play a major role in managed mental health care (Shera, 1996). Clinical social workers must rise to the challenge.

The Secrets of Explanatory Essay Topics Exposed

The Secrets of Explanatory Essay Topics Exposed Starting off with a substantial occurrence, discovery, or study will provide you with more points in factual research too. If you're writing a dissertation or a thesis in the past year of your doctorate, then you need to collect first-hand data with the assistance of surveys, questionnaires and interviews etc.. You're not writing a report about it. Students may have to find out more about the topics as a way to respond with sufficient depth and complexity. When you are in possession of a well-formulated topic, it's a half success of your final writing. When writing an explanatory essay, it's excellent to stick to the rubric so that you're in a position to capture all of the info required, thus increasing the odds of the writer achieving maximum points. If you're going to compose an expository essay, be ready to devote much time hitting books. If you are a newcomer to writing informative essays or simply struggle when it has to do with thinking of informative essay topics, then there's a great chance you might be searching for some help. How to Find Explanatory Essay Topics Online It's possible to experience such scenarios. Explain'' is to express the info on this issue so as to make it even more understandable to the reader. When selecting a business topic, make certain to use a strong argumentation and see whether you can compare and contrast the issue to an opinion that you are thinking about! An explanatoryessay, it's necessary for you to know, attempts at explaining and presenting important information regarding the topic in question. The Explanatory Essay Topics Game The principal portion of your essay is composed of the paragraphs within the body. The majority of the moment, expository essays are presented by offering a wide variety of topics and methods to bring up the idea. There are lots of expository essay topics to select from. Therefore, if you prefer to have nontrivial expository es say topic that demands thorough research, choose something which refers to a technological region of study. For instance, if it's only a very simple essay then you may just will need to incorporate an introduction, a body section, and a conclusion. An introduction has become the most significant part your bit of writing. The outline will act as a blueprint for your true essay. Then the next step is going to be to find out more about the expository essay structure. The One Thing to Do for Explanatory Essay Topics Look closely at your language as it ought to be eerror-free Imagine your essay is a precious stone and create all its faces shine using an easily readable and unique language. From its name, you might guess that you need to have a very clear picture of a specific thing to be able to offer your reader with a crystal clear and concise explanation. If someone feels enthusiastic about something, they'll be prepared to devote much time creating a research and will achieve success. Think about a renowned person whom you'd love to meet and explain why you would want to meet them. Synthesize all the information and evidence you've used throughout the duration of your essay. If this is the case, you could have an excellent beginning to your expository essay. In your introduction, you might have laid out what would be addressed in the essay. You can't begin writing an essay without a sharp clue about what things to write. Allow the professional academic writers help to your informative paper! A strong thesis isn't required. The fundamental structure of an informative essay is extremely easy. Writing an outline is particularly helpful once you are just about to compose a thorough academic paper. In all sorts of essay, always make certain that every component of your essay supports your thesis statement. Choose the one which you liek to compose an ideal expository essay! The exact first step in writing an interesting expository essay is to opt for a wonderful topic. Essay writing provides plenty of benefits to students in the academe. You will receive your assignments written exactly based on your college's guidelines and we also permit you to file your assignments at the proper time. The perfect way to improve writing skills is by way of regular practice. Explain why it's helpful to organize your materials and activities.

American Immigration And The United States Essay - 782 Words

â€Å"Early American immigration was sparse when the colonies were in time of conflict in the Revolutionary war. It was not until the late 1790s, Congress passed the first naturalization act.† (Horvat, 2006) During the 1700s many of the immigrants were from Christian background, The United states wanted to limit the number of drunks and the large majority of catholic decentness who refuses to assimilate since they just increased poverty levels and stole American jobs. So the united states began to limit the amount of ships entering the ports of the country. Each new wave of immigration to the United States has risen the degree of hostility and fears that immigrants will harm American society or will not conform to the prevailing of the American way of life. Doug Brugge mentions that during the 1700s the colonies grew quickly as English settlers and black slaves were joined by Scottish, Irish, and German immigrants. Immigration was causing the larger cities to double and triple in size, but often urban poverty grew apace. As Boston grew, from 1687 to 1770, the percentage of adult males who were poor and who owned no property, doubled from 14 percent of adult males to 29 percent. And the loss of property meant loss of voting rights (Horvat, 2006). In my opinion a large rise in poverty at this time was due to the lack of development in the country, poverty can only be helped when there is an increase in jobs and many of the large companies or farms were owned by old stockShow MoreRelatedEssay on The Impact of Latin American Immigration on America1553 Words   |  7 Pages Immigration is the process of entry of individuals into a new country (23). Throughout past centuries, immigration has been a means of discovery and exploration of new lands. 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